TA(1998)に基づく解剖学
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Anatomy
一般用語
骨格系
関節系
筋系
消化器系
呼吸器系
胸郭
泌尿器系
生殖器系
腹骨盤腔
内分泌腺
心臓血管系
リンパ系
神経系
感覚器
外皮
Alimentary system
消化器;消化器系
Mouth
口
Fauces
口峡
Pharynx
咽頭
Oesophagus
食道
Stomach
胃
Small intestine
小腸
Large intestine
大腸
Liver
肝臓
Gallbladder
胆嚢
Pancreas
膵臓
消化器系
(Alimentary system)
口
(Mouth)
口腔
(Oral cavity)
口腔粘膜
(Mucous membrane of mouth)
口腔前庭
(Oral vestibule)
口裂
(Oral fissure; Oral opening)
口唇;くちびる
(Lips)
上唇;うわくちびる
(Upper lip)
人中;ニンチュウ
(Philtrum)
上唇結節
(Tubercle)
下唇;したくちびる
(Lower lip)
上唇小帯
(Frenulum of upper lip)
下唇小帯
(Frenulum of lower lip)
唇交連
(Labial commissure)
口角
(Angle of mouth)
頬;ほほ
(Cheek)
頬脂肪体
(Buccal fat pad)
口腔傍器官
(Juxta-oral organ)
耳下腺乳頭
(Papilla of parotid duct)
固有口腔
(Oral cavity proper)
口蓋
(Palate)
硬口蓋
(Hard palate)
軟口蓋;口蓋帆
(Soft palate)
口蓋縫線
(Palatine raphe)
横口蓋ヒダ
(Transverse palatine folds; Palatine rugae)
切歯乳頭
(Incisive papilla)
歯肉
(Gingiva; Gums)
歯肉縁
(Gingival margin)
歯肉乳頭;歯間乳頭
(Gingival papilla; Interdental papilla)
歯肉溝
(Gingival sulcus; Gingival groove)
舌下小丘
(Sublingual caruncle)
舌下ヒダ
(Sublingual fold)
口腔腺
(Glands of mouth)
大唾液腺
(Major salivary glands)
耳下腺
(Parotid gland)
浅部
(Superficial part)
深部
(Deep part)
副耳下腺
(Accessory parotid gland)
耳下腺管
(Parotid duct)
舌下腺
(Sublingual gland)
大舌下腺管
(Major sublingual duct)
小舌下腺管
(Minor sublingual ducts)
顎下腺
(Submandibular gland)
顎下腺管
(Submandibular duct)
小唾液腺
(Minor salivary glands)
口唇腺
(Labial glands)
頬腺
(Buccal glands)
臼歯腺
(Molar glands)
口蓋腺
(Palatine glands)
舌腺
(Lingual glands)
歯
(Teeth)
上歯列弓
(Maxillary dental arcade; Upper dental arcade)
下歯列弓
(Mandibular dental arcade; Lower dental arcade)
切歯
(Incisor tooth)
犬歯
(Canine tooth)
小臼歯
(Premolar tooth)
大臼歯
(Molar tooth)
智歯;おやしらず;第三大臼歯
(Third molar tooth; Wisdom tooth)
歯冠
(Crown)
歯冠尖頭;尖頭
(Cusp; Cuspid)
咬頭尖
(Apex of cusp)
副咬頭
(Accessory cusp)
咬頭;歯冠結節
(Tubercle)
横稜
(Transverse ridge)
三角稜
(Triangular ridge)
斜稜
(Oblique ridge)
咬合裂
(Occlusal fissure)
咬合窩
(Occlusal fossa)
頬側咬頭
(Buccal cusp)
口蓋咬頭
(Palatal cusp)
舌側咬頭
(Lingual cusp)
近心頬側咬頭
(Mesiobuccal cusp)
近心口蓋側咬頭
(Mesiopalatal cusp)
近心舌側咬頭
(Mesiolingual cusp)
遠位頬側咬頭
(Distobuccal cusp)
遠位口蓋側咬頭
(Distopalatal cusp)
遠位舌咬頭;遠位舌歯冠尖頭
(Distolingual cusp)
遠心咬頭
(Distal cusp; Hypoconulid)
臨床歯冠
(Clinical crown)
歯頚
(Neck; Cervix)
歯根
(Root)
歯根尖;根尖
(Root apex)
臨床歯根
(Clinical root)
咬合面
(Occlusal surface)
前庭面
(Vestibular surface)
頬側面
(Buccal surface)
口唇面
(Labial surface)
舌面
(Lingual surface)
口蓋面
(Palatal surface)
近心面
(Mesial surface)
遠心面
(Distal surface)
隣接面
(Approximal surface; Interproximal surface)
接触域
(Contact zone)
歯帯
(Cingulum)
辺縁隆線
(Marginal ridge)
切縁
(Incisal margin)
歯髄腔
(Pulp cavity)
歯冠腔;髄室
(Pulp cavity of crown)
歯根管;根管
(Root canal; Pulp canal)
歯根尖孔;根尖孔
(Apical foramen)
歯髄
(Dental pulp)
歯冠髄;歯冠歯髄
(Crown pulp)
歯根髄;歯根歯髄
(Root pulp)
歯乳頭
(Dental papilla)
ゾウゲ質;象牙質
(Dentine)
エナメル質
(Enamel)
セメント質
(Cement)
歯根膜
(Periodontium)
切縁結節
(Mammelons)
犬歯溝;線条
(Canine groove)
犬歯窩
(Canine fossa)
近心小窩
(Mesial fovea)
遠心小窩
(Distal fovea)
頬側根
(Buccal root)
口蓋側根
(Palatal root)
近心根
(Mesial root)
遠心根
(Distal root)
近心頬側根
(Mesiobuccal root)
近心舌側根
(Mesiolingual root)
副根
(Accessory root)
(異常結節)
(Anomalous tubercle)
臼傍咬頭;臼傍結節
(Paramolar cusp; Paramolar tubercle)
臼結節
(Molar tubercle)
歯槽
(Tooth socket)
咬合面曲線
(Occlusal curves)
乳歯
(Deciduous teeth)
永久歯
(Permanent teeth)
(歯隙)
(Diastema)
舌
(Tongue)
舌体
(Body of tongue)
舌根
(Root of tongue)
舌背
(Dorsum of tongue)
溝前部;前部
(Anterior part; Presulcal part)
溝後部;後部
(Posterior part; Postsulcal part)
[舌の]下面
(Inferior surface of tongue)
釆状ヒダ
(Fimbriated fold)
舌縁
(Margin of tongue)
舌尖
(Apex of tongue; Tip of tongue)
舌粘膜
(Mucous membrane of tongue)
舌小帯
(Frenulum of tongue)
舌乳頭
(Papillae of tongue; Lingual papillae)
糸状乳頭
(Filiform papillae)
茸状乳頭
(Fungiform papillae)
有郭乳頭
(Vallate papillae)
葉状乳頭
(Foliate papilla)
舌正中溝
(Midline groove of tongue; Median sulcus of tongue)
分界溝
(Terminal sulcus of tongue)
舌盲孔
(Foramen caecum of tongue)
甲状舌管
(Thyroglossal duct)
舌扁桃
(Lingual tonsil)
リンパ小節
(Lymphoid nodules)
舌中隔
(Lingual septum)
舌腱膜
(Lingual aponeurosis)
舌筋
(Muscles of tongue)
オトガイ舌筋
(Genioglossus)
舌骨舌筋
(Hyoglossus)
小角舌筋
(Chondroglossus)
大角舌筋
(Ceratoglossus)
茎突舌筋
(Styloglossus)
上縦舌筋
(Superior longitudinal muscle)
下縦舌筋
(Inferior longitudinal muscle)
横舌筋
(Transverse muscle)
垂直舌筋
(Vertical muscle)
口蓋舌筋
(Palatoglossus)
口峡
(FAUCES)
口峡峡部
(Isthmus of fauces; Oropharyngeal isthmus)
軟口蓋;口蓋帆
(Soft palate)
口蓋垂
(Uvula)
口蓋舌弓
(Palatoglossal arch; Anterior pillar of fauces)
三角ヒダ
(Triangular fold)
口蓋咽頭弓
(Palatopharyngeal arch; Posterior pillar of fauces)
(半月ヒダ)
(Semilunar fold)
扁桃窩
(Tonsillar sinus; Tonsillar fossa; Tonsillar bed)
扁桃上窩
(Supratonsillar fossa)
口蓋扁桃
(Palatine tonsil)
扁桃被膜
(Tonsillar capsule)
(扁桃裂;扁桃内裂)
(Tonsillar cleft; Intratonsillar cleft)
扁桃小窩
(Tonsillar pits)
扁桃陰窩
(Tonsillar crypts)
口蓋筋
(Muscles of soft palate and fauces)
口蓋腱膜
(Palatine aponeurosis)
口蓋帆挙筋
(Levator veli palatini)
口蓋帆張筋
(Tensor veli palatini)
口蓋垂筋
(Musculus uvulae)
口蓋舌筋
(Palatoglossus)
口蓋咽頭筋
(Palatopharyngeus)
前束
(Anterior fascicle)
後束;口蓋咽頭括約筋
(Posterior fascicle; Palatopharyngeal sphincter)
咽頭
(PHARYNX)
咽頭腔
(Cavity of pharynx)
[咽頭]鼻部
(Nasopharynx)
咽頭円蓋
(Vault of pharynx)
咽頭下垂体
(Pharyngeal hypophysis)
咽頭扁桃
(Pharyngeal tonsil)
扁桃小窩
(Tonsillar pits)
扁桃陰窩
(Tonsillar crypts)
咽頭リンパ小節
(Pharyngeal lymphoid nodules)
(咽頭嚢)
(Pharyngeal bursa)
耳管咽頭口
(Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube)
耳管隆起
(Torus tubarius)
耳管咽頭ヒダ
(Salpingopharyngeal fold)
耳管口蓋ヒダ
(Salpingopalatine fold)
挙筋隆起
(Torus levatorius)
耳管扁桃
(Tubal tonsil)
咽頭陥凹
(Pharyngeal recess)
口蓋咽頭稜
(Palatopharyngeal ridge)
咽頭口部
(Oropharynx)
喉頭蓋谷
(Epiglottic vallecula)
正中舌喉頭蓋ヒダ
(Median glosso-epiglottic fold)
外側舌喉頭蓋ヒダ
(Lateral glosso-epiglottic fold)
[咽頭]喉頭部
(Laryngopharynx; Hypopharynx)
梨状陥凹
(Piriform fossa; Piriform recess)
上喉頭神経ヒダ
(Fold of superior laryngeal nerve)
咽頭食道狭窄
(Pharyngo-oesophageal constriction)
咽頭頭底板
(Pharyngobasilar fascia)
粘膜下組織
(Submucosa)
粘膜
(Mucosa; Mucous membrane)
咽頭腺
(Pharyngeal glands)
咽頭筋;咽頭筋層
(Pharyngeal muscles; Muscle layer of pharynx)
咽頭縫線
(Pharyngeal raphe)
翼突下顎縫線
(Pterygomandibular raphe)
上咽頭収縮筋
(Superior constrictor)
翼突咽頭部
(Pterygopharyngeal part)
頬咽頭部
(Buccopharyngeal part)
顎咽頭部
(Mylopharyngeal part)
舌咽頭部
(Glossopharyngeal part)
中咽頭収縮筋
(Middle constrictor)
小角咽頭部
(Chondropharygeal part)
大角咽頭部
(Ceratopharyngeal part)
下咽頭収縮筋
(Inferior constrictor)
甲状咽頭部
(Thyropharyngeal part; Thyropharyngeus)
輪状咽頭部
(Cricopharyngeal part; Cricopharyngeus)
茎突咽頭筋
(Stylopharyngeus)
耳管咽頭筋
(Salpingopharyngeus)
口蓋咽頭筋
(Palatopharyngeus)
頬咽頭筋膜
(Buccopharyngeal fascia)
咽頭周囲隙
(Peripharyngeal space)
咽頭後隙
(Retropharyngeal space)
咽頭側隙
(Parapharyngeal space; Lateral pharyngeal space)
食道
(OESOPHAGUS)
頚部
(Cervical part)
胸部
(Thoracic part)
胸部狭窄;気管大動脈狭窄
(Thoracic constriction; Broncho-aortic constriction)
横隔膜狭窄
(Diaphragmatic constriction)
腹部
(Abdominal part)
漿膜
(Serosa; Serous coat)
漿膜下組織
(Subserosa; Subserous layer)
外膜
(Adventitia)
筋層
(Muscular layer; Muscular coat)
輪状食道腱束
(Crico-oesophageal tendon)
気管食道筋
(Broncho-oesophageus)
胸膜食道筋
(Pleuro-oesophageus)
粘膜下組織
(Submucosa)
粘膜
(Mucosa; Mucous membrane)
粘膜筋板
(Muscularis mucosae)
食道腺
(Oesophageal glands)
胃
(STOMACH)
前壁
(Anterior wall)
後壁
(Posterior wall)
大弯
(Greater curvature)
小弯
(Lesser curvature)
角切痕
(Angular incisure)
噴門
(Cardia; Cardial part)
噴門口
(Cardial orifice)
胃底
(Fundus of stomach)
胃円蓋
(Fornix of stomach)
噴門切痕
(Cardial noth)
胃体
(Body of stomach)
胃体管
(Gastric canal)
幽門部
(Pyloric part)
幽門洞
(Pyloric antrum)
幽門管
(Pyloric canal)
幽門
(Pylorus)
幽門口
(Pyloric orifice)
漿膜
(Serosa; Serous coat)
漿膜下組織
(Subserosa; Subserous layer)
筋層
(Muscular layer; Muscular coat)
縦筋層
(Longitudinal layer)
輪筋層
(Circular layer)
幽門括約筋
(Pyloric sphincter)
斜線維
(Oblique fibres)
粘膜下組織
(Submucosa)
粘膜
(Mucosa; Mucous membrane)
胃粘膜ヒダ
(Gastric folds; Gastric rugae)
粘膜筋板
(Muscularis mucosae)
胃小区
(Gastric areas)
絨毛様ヒダ
(Villous folds)
胃小窩
(Gastric pits)
胃腺
(Gastric glands)
小腸
(Small intestine)
漿膜
(Serosa; Serous coat)
漿膜下組織
(Subserosa; Subserous layer)
筋層
(Muscular layer; Muscular coat)
縦筋層
(Longitudinal layer; Long pitch helicoidal layer)
輪筋層
(Circular layer; Short pitch helicoidal layer)
輪状ヒダ
(Circular folds)
粘膜下組織
(Submucosa)
粘膜
(Mucosa; Mucous membrane)
粘膜筋板
(Muscularis mucosae)
腸絨毛
(Intestinal villi)
腸腺
(Intestinal glands)
孤立リンパ小節
(Solitary lymphoid nodules)
集合リンパ小節
(Aggregated lymphoid nodules)
十二指腸
(DUODENUM)
上部
(Superior part)
膨大[部]
(Ampulla; Duodenal cap)
上十二指腸曲
(Superior duodenal flexure)
下行部
(Descending part)
下十二指腸曲
(Inferior duodenal flexure)
水平部;横行部
(Inferior part; Horizontal part; Transverse part)
上行部
(Ascending part)
十二指腸空腸曲
(Duodenojejunal flexure)
十二指腸被蓋部
(Hidden part of duodenum)
十二指腸提筋
(Suspensory muscle of duodenum; Suspensory ligament of duodenum)
横隔膜腹腔動脈部
(Phrenicocoeliac part)
腹腔動脈十二指腸部
(Coeliacoduodenal part)
十二指腸縦ヒダ
(Longitudinal folds of duodenum)
大十二指腸乳頭
(Major duodenal papilla)
小十二指腸乳頭
(Minor duodenal papilla)
十二指腸腺
(Duodenal glands)
空腸
(JEJUNUM)
回腸
(ILEUM)
回腸終末部
(Terminal ileum)
回腸憩室
(Ileal diverticulum)
大腸
(Large intestine)
漿膜
(Serosa; Serous coat)
漿膜下組織
(Subserosa; Subserous layer)
筋層
(Muscular layer; Muscular coat)
粘膜下組織
(Submucosa)
粘膜
(Mucosa; Mucous membrane)
粘膜筋板
(Muscularis mucosae)
腸腺
(Intestinal glands)
盲腸
(CAECUM)
回盲乳頭;回腸乳頭
(Ileal papilla)
回腸口
(Ileal orifice; Orifice of ileal papilla)
回盲弁小帯;回腸口小帯
(Frenulum of ileal orifice)
回腸結腸唇;上唇
(Ileocolic lip; Superior lip)
回盲唇;下唇
(Ileocaecal lip; Inferior lip)
虫垂
(Appendix; Vermiform appendix)
虫垂口
(Orifice of vermiform appendix)
集合リンパ小節
(Aggregated lymphoid nodules)
(盲腸結腸前筋膜)
(Precaecocolic fascia)
結腸
(COLON)
上行結腸
(Ascending colon)
右結腸曲
(Right colic flexure; Hepatic flexure)
横行結腸
(Transverse colon)
左結腸曲
(Left colic flexure; Splenic flexure)
下行結腸
(Descending colon)
S状結腸
(Sigmoid colon)
結腸半月ヒダ
(Semilunar folds of colon)
結腸膨起
(Haustra of colon)
腹膜垂
(Omental appendices; Fatty appendices of colon)
筋層
(Muscular layer; Muscular coat)
縦筋層
(Longitudinal layer)
結腸ヒモ
(Taenia coli)
間膜ヒモ
(Mesocolic taenia)
大網ヒモ
(Omental taenia)
自由ヒモ
(Free taenia)
輪筋層
(Circular layer)
直腸
(RECTUM)
仙骨曲
(Sacral flexura)
外側曲
(Lateral flexures)
外側上右曲;外側上曲
(Superodextral lateral flexure; Superior lateral flexure)
外側中間左曲;外側中間曲
(Intermediosinistral lateral flexure; Intermediate lateral flexure)
外側下右曲;外側下曲
(Inferodextral lateral flexure; Inferior lateral flexure)
直腸横ヒダ
(Transverse folds of rectum)
直腸膨大部
(Rectal ampulla)
筋層
(Muscular layer; Muscular coat)
縦筋層
(Longitudinal layer)
直腸尾骨筋
(Rectococcygeus)
肛門直腸会陰筋
(Anorectoperineal muscles; Recto-urethral muscles)
直腸会陰筋;上直腸尿道筋
(Rectoperinealis; Recto-urethralis superior)
肛門会陰筋;下直腸尿道筋
(Anoperinealis; Recto-urethralis inferior)
直腸膀胱筋
(Rectovesicalis)
輪筋層
(Circular layer)
外側直腸靱帯
(Lateral ligament of rectum; Rectal stalk)
肛門管
(ANAL CANAL)
肛門直腸曲;会陰曲
(Anorectal flexure; Perineal flexure)
肛門直腸連結
(Anorectal junction)
肛門柱
(Anal columns)
肛門弁
(Anal valves)
肛門洞
(Anal sinuses)
肛門移行帯
(Anal transition zone)
肛門皮膚線
(Anocutaneous line)
櫛状線;歯状線
(Pectinate line)
肛門櫛
(Anal pecten)
内肛門括約筋
(Internal anal sphincter)
括約筋間溝
(Intersphincteric groove)
外肛門括約筋
(External anal sphincter)
深部
(Deep part)
浅部
(Superficial part)
皮下部
(Subcutaneous part)
肛門
(Anus)
肝臓
(Liver)
横隔面
(Diaphragmatic surface)
上部
(Superior part)
心圧痕
(Cardiac impression)
前部
(Anterior part)
右部
(Right part)
後部
(Posterior part)
無漿膜野
(Bare area)
大静脈溝
(Groove for vena cava)
静脈管索裂
(Fissure for ligamentum venosum)
静脈管索
(Ligamentum venosum)
臓側面
(Visceral surface)
胆嚢窩
(Fossa for gallbladder)
肝円索裂
(Fissure for ligamentum teres; Fissure for round ligament)
肝円索
(Round ligament of liver)
肝門
(Porta hepatis)
小網隆起
(Omental tuberosity)
食道圧痕
(Oesophageal impression)
胃圧痕
(Gastric impression)
十二指腸圧痕
(Duodenal impression)
結腸圧痕
(Colic impression)
腎圧痕
(Renal impression)
副腎圧痕
(Suprarenal impression)
下縁
(Inferior border)
肝円索切痕
(Notch for ligamentum teres)
右葉
(Right lobe of liver)
左葉
(Left lobe of liver)
線維付着
(Fibrous appendix of liver)
方形葉
(Quadrate lobe)
尾状葉
(Caudate lobe)
乳頭突起
(Papillary process)
尾状突起
(Caudate process)
肝区域:葉;部;区域
(Hepatic segmentation: lobes, parts, divisions and segments)
臍裂
(Umbilical fissure)
主門裂
(Main portal fissure)
右門裂
(Right portal fissure)
左肝部
(Left liver; Left part of liver)
左外側区
(Left lateral division)
左外側後区域;Ⅱ区域
(Left posterior lateral segment; Segment II)
左外側前区域;Ⅲ区域
(Left anterior lateral segment; Segment heptatis III)
左内側区
(Left medial division)
左内側区域;Ⅳ区域
(Left medial segment; Segment IV)
肝後部;尾状葉
(Posterior liver; Posterior part of liver; Caudate lobe)
後区域;尾状葉;Ⅰ区域
(Posterior segment; Caudate lobe; Segment I)
右肝部
(Right liver; Right part of liver)
右内側区
(Right medial division)
右内側前区域;区域V
(Anterior medial segment; Segment V)
右内側後区域;区域VIII
(Posterior medial segment; Segment VIII)
右外側区
(Right lateral division)
右外側前区域;区域Ⅵ
(Anterior lateral segment; Segment VI)
右外側後区域;区域VII
(Posterior lateral segment; Segment VII)
漿膜
(Serosa; Serous coat)
漿膜下組織
(Subserosa; Subserous layer)
線維膜
(Fibrous capsule)
[血管周囲]線維鞘(Glisson鞘)
(Perivascular fibrous capsule)
肝小葉
(Lobules of liver)
小葉間動脈
(Interlobular arteries)
小葉間静脈
(Interlobular veins)
中心静脈
(Central veins)
小葉間胆管
(Interlobular bile ducts)
総肝管
(Common hepatic duct)
右肝管
(Right hepatic duct)
前枝
(Anterior branch)
後枝
(Posterior branch)
左肝管
(Left hepatic duct)
外側枝
(Lateral branch)
内側枝
(Medial branch)
右尾状葉胆管
(Right duct of caudate lobe)
左尾状葉胆管
(Left duct of caudate lobe)
胆嚢
(Gallbladder)
胆嚢底
(Fundus of gallbladder)
胆嚢漏斗
(Infundibulum of gallbaladder)
胆嚢体
(Body of galbladder)
胆嚢頚
(Neck of galbladder)
漿膜
(Serosa; Serous coat)
漿膜下組織
(Subserosa; Subserous layer)
筋層
(Muscular layer; Muscular coat)
粘膜
(Mucosa; Mucous membrane)
粘膜ヒダ
(Mucosal folds; Rugae)
胆嚢管
(Cystic duct)
ラセンヒダ
(Spiral fold)
総胆管
(Bile duct)
総胆管括約筋
(Sphincter of bile duct)
上括約筋
(Superior sphincter)
下括約筋
(Inferior sphincter)
胆膵管膨大部
(Hepatopancreatic ampulla; Biliaropancreatic ampulla)
[胆膵管]膨大部括約筋
(Sphincter of ampulla)
胆管粘液腺
(Glands of bile duct)
膵臓
(Pancreas)
膵頭
(Head of pancreas)
鈎状突起
(Uncinate process)
膵切痕
(Pancreatic notch)
膵頚
(Neck of pancreas)
膵体
(Body of pancreas)
前上面
(Anterosuperior surface)
後面
(Posterior surface)
前下面
(Antero-inferior surface)
上縁
(Superior border)
前縁
(Anterior border)
下縁
(Inferior border)
小網隆起
(Omental eminence)
膵尾
(Tail of pancreas)
膵管
(Pancreatic duct)
膵管括約筋
(Sphincter of pancreatic duct)
副膵管
(Accessory pancreatic duct)
(副膵)
(Accessory pancreas)
膵島
(Pancreatic islets)
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